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High-Precision GNSS Technology Ensures Cold Chain Integrity for Pharmaceutical and Perishable Goods

Dec 08, 2025

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Cold chain vaccine transport fleet on highway at night with RTK GNSS antennas installed



Temperature control in cold chain logistics directly determines the efficacy of vaccines and the quality of fresh produce. Even a deviation of ±0.5°C can render pharmaceutical products ineffective or cause food spoilage. Traditional cold chain operations frequently suffer from positioning inaccuracies, limited temperature visibility, and inefficient vehicle management. Dual-frequency high-precision GNSS vehicle terminals now provide an effective solution to these persistent issues.



Key Challenges in Conventional Cold Chain Transport

Positioning errors remain a primary concern. In dense urban environments, satellite signals reflect off high-rise buildings, causing standard GPS receivers to exhibit drifts exceeding 10 meters. Such inaccuracies can route refrigerated vehicles into congested zones, increasing the duration of transport and elevating the risk of temperature excursions.

Most legacy cold chain fleets lack integrated IoT temperature monitoring systems. Without real-time data on compartment temperature and humidity, neither shippers nor operators can detect anomalies promptly, leaving cargo vulnerable throughout the journey.

Fleet management often relies on manual processes rather than data-driven scheduling. This results in suboptimal routing, elevated empty-mile percentages, and higher operational costs.



Targeted High-Precision GNSS Solutions

Two specialized terminals address distinct operational requirements:

A10K – Designed for Inter-Provincial Trunk Routes

The A10K delivers RTK centimeter-level positioning through dual-frequency signal reception and supports full 4G connectivity along with the JT/T808 protocol. Its IP65-rated enclosure operates reliably from -20°C to 65°C. An RS232 interface enables direct connection to temperature and humidity sensors, triggering immediate geofenced alerts when predefined thresholds are breached. Customization options include single-frequency RTK, dual-frequency RTK, or RTK combined with inertial navigation.


A10K vs A15 high-precision RTK GNSS terminals comparison for trunk line and urban cold chain delivery


A15 – Optimized for Urban and Last-Mile Deliver

The A15 provides comparable RTK accuracy at a lower cost point, incorporating 200 tracking channels and a dedicated search engine for 1.5-second AGPS acquisition even in challenging environments. Real-time transmission of position, speed, and compartment temperature to the management platform enables dynamic route optimization and intelligent load matching. A built-in 150 mAh battery and ultra-low-power design (L1/L5 consumption ≈20 mA) ensure continued operation and data reporting during power loss. Reserved CAN, I/O, and RS232 interfaces support additional sensors such as door magnets and fuel monitors.



Integrated Monitoring and Alert Workflow

High-precision location data from either terminal synchronizes with temperature readings on a cloud platform. The system continuously evaluates three critical conditions:

· Route deviation beyond 5 meters

· Temperature change exceeding 0.3°C

· Unscheduled stops longer than 10 minutes

Violations trigger instant notifications via mobile app or SMS to drivers and dispatch centers, establishing full traceability from origin to destination.


Real-time cold chain monitoring platform showing RTK trajectory and temperature graph with instant alerts



Verified Operational Improvements

A fresh food cold chain operator that deployed this GNSS solution recorded:

· An increase in end-to-end temperature compliance of more than 30 percentage points

· A reduction in monthly cargo loss from 12% to 2%

· Precise detection of three unauthorized compartment door openings, enabling targeted corrective measures



Why Leading Cold Chain Operators Select This Solution

Proven drift elimination through dual-frequency satellite reception

· Complete binding of position and temperature data for second-level event traceability

· Plug-and-play installation with 9–36 V wide-voltage input, compatible with both fuel and electric refrigerated vehicles

· Full compliance with China’s JT/T808 standard for seamless integration into national freight monitoring platforms

With RTK-enabled terminals, cold chain logistics transitions from approximate tracking to a precise, verifiable temperature map—ensuring that every vaccine dose and every perishable item arrives under optimal conditions.